The procedure is usually performed using a local anesthetic and no medications are used that affect consciousness or thinking. After the procedure, you may be asked to sit up slowly to prevent you from getting lightheaded. Most patients typically leave feeling well. There are very few, if any, restrictions on what you can do after a thyroid biopsy.
Because of this, it is not generally necessary to bring a companion to help or drive you home. Some neck discomfort at the site of the biopsy is expected following the procedure.
Specially trained doctors, cytopathologists, then make slides from the material and examine them under a microscope to make a diagnosis. Results of the thyroid biopsy are given as one of six possible diagnoses, according to the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology. Please note that the percentages below may be somewhat different at different institutions and centers.
For more detailed information about thyroid nodule evaluations, please see the Thyroid Nodules brochure. Within the past few years, several molecular tests have become available to help determine whether some nodules are cancerous or benign. Sometimes, the person doing the biopsy will perform an additional pass of the needle to obtain material for such a test.
This may be done on the first biopsy or at the time of a repeat biopsy. For information on thyroid patient support organizations, please visit the Patient Support Links section on the ATA website at www. Generally, it can take anywhere from a few days to two 2 weeks for the result to return. These nodules are generally monitored with a follow up ultrasound within 18 months and if needed, periodically after that.
The most common type of thyroid cancer seen in these biopsies is papillary thyroid cancer. Almost all of these nodules will go to surgery thyroidectomy. Usually, two to three samples will be required from the lump to provide an accurate diagnosis. During the procedure, the doctor will usually leave the examination room with one of the slides to check that there is enough tissue to prevent the need for a second office visit.
Each sample takes about 10 to 20 seconds to obtain. The whole procedure from start to finish usually takes no more than 10 to 15 minutes. However, please allow an hour for your visit because of registration and possible waiting time in the office. Continue reading. Generally, your results should be available from your surgeon's office in two to three working days.
The results can be grouped into three categories:. In the hands of a skilled FNA practitioner, this test is very reliable. In the instance of a clearly benign diagnosis, it may prevent you from undergoing surgery. In the case of a clearly malignant diagnosis, it quickly establishes the need for further treatment. In the less frequent occurrence of a non-definitive diagnosis, either repetition of the FNA or a surgical biopsy is usually recommended.
Our experience at UCSF Medical Center has demonstrated a 2 percent to 3 percent chance that a cancer may not be detected. This is why you will be asked to come back for a follow-up visit. We also take into account the result of any imaging studies, such as a mammogram or ultrasound scan, and how the lump feels to your doctor.
By doing this, the chance of missing a cancer is reduced to less than 1 percent. When carried out by an experienced practitioner, a fine needle aspiration biopsy is virtually free of significant complications. He or she will slowly advance the needle into the nodule itself, moving it back and forth several times.
The needle attaches to a syringe that can apply suction and remove some cells from the nodule. After the removal of the needle, these cells will be placed on a slide. Your healthcare provider might repeat this procedure a few times to obtain different samples from different parts of the nodule. Sometimes the lump will be all or mainly fluid. The fluid can be removed during the biopsy. After the procedure, the cells will be sent to a pathology lab and analyzed for signs of cancer.
A small bandage will be placed over the needle insertion site. Most people will be able to resume their normal activities right away. You can remove your bandage within a few hours. The site of the biopsy might be sore for a day or two after the procedure. You can take over-the-counter pain medicines if you need to. Follow any other specific instructions that your healthcare provider gives you.
It may take several days to get your test results from the pathology lab. Ask your healthcare provider when you can expect to get your results back. If your thyroid nodule is not cancer, you might not need any further treatment. Your provider may want to monitor your nodule, though, and you might need another biopsy in the future. In some cases, your healthcare provider may offer thyroid hormone pills.
These can sometimes decrease the likelihood of nodules growing back. You will probably need surgical treatment if your nodule appears cancerous. Luckily, most thyroid cancers are curable.
Sometimes, the pathologist cannot determine for sure whether your nodule is cancer. In this case, your healthcare provider might recommend a repeat biopsy or surgery. Whatever your test results, you can work with your healthcare provider to develop the best possible treatment plan for you. Health Home Treatments, Tests and Therapies. Why might I need a thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy?
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