Beta2-agonists are often used to treat asthma. In addition to being used to treat asthma, clenbuterol has become popular as a weight loss supplement. A liquid form of the drug is approved by the FDA for treatment of airway obstruction in horses. Outside of the United States, clenbuterol is available by prescription only for the treatment of asthma.
Due to these properties, clenbuterol has been used in livestock to increase the amount of lean muscle. The drug can still be found in the meat of livestock after it has been butchered, and this has led to illness in Europe and Asia. Because of this, the United States and Europe monitor tissue samples from livestock in order to detect the presence of clenbuterol.
Clenbuterol has been observed to both increase muscle mass and reduce body fat. Additionally, it remains in the body with an active effect for up to about six days after consumption detectable traces can remain longer. People taking clenbuterol for weight loss or performance enhancement often use anabolic steroids or growth hormones as well. Studies on the efficacy of clenbuterol as a weight loss or performance enhancer in humans are quite limited, although many studies have been performed in animals and livestock:.
A review of adverse reactions to clenbuterol reported to two poison control centers found that 11 of the 13 cases were due to clenbuterol use for weight loss or bodybuilding. The "human equivalent" of clenbuterol is albuterol, which is a prescription-only medication used to treat or prevent bronchospasm caused asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung diseases, and also to prevent wheezing caused by exercise.
There are a variety of brand names for albuterol, including Ventolin, Proventil, Accuneb, among others. Regardless of whether it comes in generic or brand name form, albuterol comes in an inhaler that a person can use to breathe the medication in through the mouth so it can easily reach the airways. Clenbuterol was previously given to livestock to increase lean muscle mass and livestock production. Now it's banned from being used for this purpose.
Three-time Tour de France winner Alberto Contador may be the most famous athlete to have used this excuse after testing positive for clenbuterol. Athletes who use clenbuterol do it to burn fat , build muscle, and improve sports performance. The drug is believed to increase the development of skeletal muscle by enhancing muscle protein synthesis. The effects of clenbuterol on athletes who take the drug over a long period of time aren't known. What is clear is that besides affecting the muscles of the airways, clenbuterol is taken up by other tissues in the body.
Animal studies have shown that clenbuterol use may lead to apoptosis—the death of normal cells—in the muscles, including the heart muscles. Clenbuterol may lead to heart attacks and other heart damage, as well as irregular, heart rhythms.
Athletes who chooses to rely on a banned performance-enhancing drug are risking being caught for cheating. They also may be risking their health.
Get nutrition tips and advice to make healthy eating easier. Updated July Prof Nissen said there were a number of other, much less harmful drugs available on prescription for sensible weight loss that could be taken in consultation with medical practitioners.
Lead author Jonathan Brett from the Department of Health at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital said general practitioners needed to be aware of the harms of clenbuterol use, which are similar to those of stimulants. But psychologist and sessional academic at Curtin University Stephen Bright said the small rate of use should not prompt more education about the drug just yet.
Mr Bright said users primarily sourced clenbuterol online. Senior lecturer of public health at Deakin University Matthew Dunn said the increase in clenbuterol use was cause for concern but it was important to carefully consider the issue before making rash policy responses. Is clenbuterol prohibited in sport? How are clenbuterol and meat contamination cases handled under anti-doping rules? How can athletes reduce their risk of consuming contaminated meat? To reduce your risk of unintentionally ingesting clenbuterol through contaminated meat: Choose foods from a reputable meat source e.
Inquire where meat products are sourced from at hotels and restaurants imported meats from the United States, Europe, New Zealand, or Australia have tighter regulations and higher quality standards.
Avoid eating liver or liver-derived products. Avoid eating unusual or exotic meat products. Request documentation demonstrating food safety and quality standards of the meat source. If meat consumption is unavoidable, what information should athletes collect? If meat consumption is unavoidable, you should only consume meat products from an athlete village, your hotel, or other reputable restaurants not street vendors or untraceable locations , and ensure the following information is obtained and recorded on paper or as a photograph on your phone : Dates of travel Dates eaten at various establishments Name and address of establishment Menu physical menu or picture of menu Food diary, including type and estimated portion size of meat photo of assembled plate showing foods consumed is also helpful Receipt of purchase, ideally itemized, to show specifically what food was ordered By collecting and presenting these documents, in the event of a low-level clenbuterol positive drug test, you may be able to support the evidence of an atypical finding.
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